Rhinitis (Allergic): Types, Symptoms, Treament

What is rhinitis?

Rhinitis is a term used to describe an inflammation of the mucus in the nasal cavity. It causes sneezing, and a runny or blocked nose. These problems are often the cause of insomnia and therefore tiredness.

Types of rhinitis

We can distinguish between the different types of rhinitis according to the cause of it. Allergic rhinitis is caused by allergenic substances (especially pollen but also animal fur or dust) which comes into contact with the respiratory system. Allergic reactions are reactions from the immune system, which is designed to protect the body.

When rhinitis is seasonal, occurring when certain plants are blossoming, we commonly refer to it as hayfever. Allergic rhinitis can also be chronic and last throughout the entire year. It then results in frequent exposure to allergens, quite often at work or even in the household.

Rhinitis can be caused from an infection. It tends to come from a viral infection. Some risk factors can promote the appearance of rhinitis such as smoking or consuming cerain medications.

Finally, vasomotor rhinitis can be caused by several things. It can occur following a period of stress or after inhaling a high consumption of vasoconstriction medications (these are medicines which help to reduce the diameter of blood vessels).

Symptoms of rhinitis

Allergic rhinitis is identified by repetitive sneezing, a constantly running nose and often red itchy eyes. It can also be associated with other allergic illnesses such as asthma.

Infectious rhinitis produces the same symptoms but can also be accompanied by a fever. Moreover, it is often linked to conjunctivitis or pharyngitis. If your nose is running with thick, yellow liquid, there is a strong chance that it will develop into sinusitis.

Rhinitis treatments

In the case of allergic rhinitis, the first stage involves avoiding contact with the allergen. Then, a desensitisation procedure can be carried out, or a light course of treatment can be prescribed.

For viral rhinitis, it is important to blow your nose regularly. Treatments based on symptoms can be prescribed in order to limit the inconvenience.

For vasomotor rhinitis, a localised treatment of cortisone is usually sufficient. However, it can warrant surgery in some cases.